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United States of America

The United States of America (USA), commonly called the U.S. or America, is a federal republic in North America consisting of 50 states.

* In addition to the 48 contiguous states, the U.S. includes *Alaska* in the northwest and *Hawaii* in the mid-Pacific.
* The mainland is bordered by *Canada (north), **Atlantic Ocean (east), **Mexico and Gulf of Mexico (south), and **Pacific Ocean (west)*.
* The U.S. is the *fourth largest country* by area globally.
* It has a wide range of natural environments—from *Arctic tundra* to *subtropical forests, **mountains, **deserts, and **plains*.
* While it has a large population, its *population density* is relatively low, with both vast cities and remote areas.
* America is one of the most *ethnically and culturally diverse nations* in the world.
* Founded less than 250 years ago, it was the *first European colony to gain independence, founded on the idea that **sovereignty belongs to the people*.
* By the 20th century, the U.S. rose as a *global superpower*, especially post-World War II.

*Economy*

* The U.S. has the *world’s most advanced and powerful economy, leading in **technology, **pharmaceuticals, **aerospace, and **military sectors*.
* Economic strength stems from *natural resources, **agricultural output, and **industrial development*.
* It is the *largest importer* and *second-largest exporter* globally.
* The U.S. plays a *central role in global trade and investment*.
* It is the *top producer* of *petroleum* and *natural gas*.
* *121 of the world’s 500 largest companies* are based in the U.S.
* The country has the *highest number of billionaires, with a combined wealth of *\$3 trillion**.

*Climate*

* Due to its vast size, the U.S. experiences *diverse climates*:

* *Continental climate* dominates: cold winters, hot summers.
* *Gulf Coast*: mild winters, hot and humid summers.
* *Florida*: nearly tropical.
* *Mountains*: cold in winter, cool in summer.
* *Deserts*: mild winters, extremely hot summers.
* *Pacific Coast*: cool and wet in the north; Mediterranean in the south.
* Cold air from Canada can cause *sudden winter chills* across much of the country, with varying intensity by region.

The US boasts of some of the finest universities, a lot of which consistently rank in the world university rankings. About 33 of the top 100 universities in the world are based out of the US.

• American universities and colleges offer a myriad of courses and programs to choose from. You have the freedom to not only select the course content, but also the structure.

• U.S. universities are world leaders in terms of technology and scientific techniques, and are committed to providing the same resources to students. The emphasis is to acquaint students with the latest in the field of science, engineering and related fields. The end result is work-ready graduates with appropriate skills using the most recent technology.

• Hundreds of scholarships awarded annually to international students.

• 1 to 3 years of post study work visa available for international students

• Student can do 20 hours of part time work per week when college is in session and 40 hours when college is not.

• Work permit (H1B visa) and PR (Green Card) may be possible

Most universities have 2 intakes a year. All courses generally have a Fall (Aug) intake. Some universities have a Spring (Jan) intake as well

• If you are applying for the fall admission, your deadline can be anywhere from January to March. If you are applying for the spring admission, your deadline is probably anywhere between July and September, the previous year.

• Most universities give you the option to apply directly on their websites. Be sure to read the requirements carefully when applying to American universities. Some will require standardised tests (e.g. GRE, GMAT, MCAT, LSAT), and others will ask for different documents (writing samples, portfolio, list of patents) as part of the application process.

• Most students apply to 3-5 universities to increase their chances of being admitted.

• University application fees are usually between 75-100 USD, depending on the university.

• Non-US students may be required to supply proof that their English-language skills are proficient enough to attend classes. Be sure to have your TOEFL iBT, IELTS Academic, PTE Academic, or C1 Advanced certificates available.

• Different universities and programmes will require different documents. However, these are the items you are most likely to need if you apply to a university in the US:

Transcripts or records of grades (high school and/or university)
Resume/CV
Test scores (SAT, ACT, GRE, GMAT)
Proof of English-language proficiency
Motivation letter or statement of purpose
Letters of reference from college/ employment on letter heads
Application fee
Writing sample
Passport copy

• Some universities request that you apply for WES. A WES credential evaluation is a key step in understanding the educational backgrounds of candidates educated abroad. WES helps academic institutions, professional licensing bodies and employers by evaluating degrees and diplomas earned abroad to determine their US equivalencies. The WES evaluation generally take 2-3 weeks and can be done online.

• It may be necessary to include financial documents while applying to the university to confirm that you have sufficient funds for pursuing your degree.

• Many universities may require hard copies of all documents (attested and put in sealed envelopes with signature and seal outside) to be send by post/ courier